Impembelelo ye-vulcanization kwisakhiwo kunye neempawu:
Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iimveliso zerabha, i-vulcanization linyathelo lokugqibela lokucubungula. Kule nkqubo, irabha idlula kuthotho lweempendulo zeekhemikhali ezintsonkothileyo, ezitshintsha ukusuka kwisakhiwo esithe ngqo ukuya kwisakhiwo esimile okwemizimba, zilahlekelwa bubumdaka berabha exutyiweyo kwaye zibe nokuthamba okuphezulu kwerabha edibeneyo, ngaloo ndlela zifumana iipropati ezintle zomzimba nezoomatshini, ukumelana nobushushu. Ukusebenza, ukumelana nesinyibilikisi kunye nokuchasana nokugqwala kuphucula ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kunye noluhlu lokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zerabha.
Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho i-vulcanization: ulwakhiwo oluthe ngqo, ukusebenzisana phakathi kweemolekyuli ngamandla ka-van der Waals;
Iimpawu: i-plasticity ephezulu, ubude obuphezulu, kunye nokunyibilika;
Ngexesha lokuxuba: imolekyuli iyaqaliswa, kwaye kwenzeka i-chemical cross-linking reaction;
Emva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-vulcanization: isakhiwo senethiwekhi, esiphakathi kweemolekyuli kunye neebhondi zeekhemikhali;
Ulwakhiwo:
(1) Ikhonkco leekhemikhali;
(2) Indawo yebhondi edibanisayo;
(3) Umgangatho wokudibanisa;
(4) Ukudibanisa izinto ezahlukeneyo;
Iipropati:
(1) Iimpawu zoomatshini (amandla okwandiswa rhoqo. Ubulukhuni. Amandla okuxinana. Ukwandiswa. Ukuqina);
(2) Iimpawu ezibonakalayo
(3) Uzinzo lweekhemikhali emva kokuguqulwa kwe-vulcanization;
Utshintsho kwiimpawu zerabha:
Ukuthatha irabha yendalo njengomzekelo, kunye nokwanda kwezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-vulcanization;
(1) Utshintsho kwiimpawu zoomatshini (ukuthamba. Amandla okukrazula. Amandla obude. Amandla okukrazula. Ubulukhuni) ukwanda (ubude. Iseti yoxinzelelo. Ukuveliswa kobushushu bokudinwa) kuncipha
(2) Utshintsho kwiimpawu zomzimba, ukungena komoya kunye nokungena kwamanzi kuncipha, akunakunyibilika, kuphela ukudumba, kuphucula ukumelana nobushushu
(3) Utshintsho ekuzinzeni kweekhemikhali
Ukuqina kweekhemikhali okwandisiweyo, izizathu
a. I-cross-linking reaction yenza amaqela okanye ii-athomu ezisebenzayo ngokweekhemikhali zingabikho, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba i-aleji yokwaluphala iqhubeke
b. Ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi luthintela ukusasazeka kweemolekyuli ezisezantsi, okwenza kube nzima ukuba ii-radicals zerabha zisasazeke
Ukukhethwa kunye nokumiselwa kweemeko zeRubber Vulcanization
1. Uxinzelelo lweVulcanization
(1) Kufuneka kusetyenziswe uxinzelelo xa iimveliso zerabha zivundisiwe. Injongo kuku:
a. Thintela irabha ekuveliseni amaqamza kwaye uphucule ubuncinci berabha;
b. Yenza izinto zerabha zihambe kwaye ugcwalise isikhunta ukuze wenze iimveliso ngeepateni ezicacileyo
c. Phucula ukunamathelana phakathi komaleko ngamnye (umaleko oncamathelayo kunye nomaleko welaphu okanye umaleko wesinyithi, umaleko welaphu kunye nomaleko welaphu) kwimveliso, kwaye uphucule iipropati zomzimba (ezifana nokumelana nokugoba) ze-vulcanizate.
(2) Ngokubanzi, ukhetho loxinzelelo lwe-vulcanization kufuneka lumiselwe ngokohlobo lwemveliso, ifomula, i-plasticity kunye nezinye izinto.
(3) Ngokomgaqo, le mithetho ilandelayo mayilandelwe: i-plasticity inkulu, uxinzelelo kufuneka lube luncinci; ubukhulu bemveliso, inani leeleya, kunye nesakhiwo esintsonkothileyo kufuneka sibe sikhulu; uxinzelelo lweemveliso ezincinci kufuneka lube luncinci, kwaye noxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lungasetyenziswa.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha umoya kunye noxinzelelo:
(1) Ipompo ye-hydraulic idlulisela uxinzelelo kwi-mold nge-flat vulcanizer, ize idlulisele uxinzelelo kwi-rubber compound evela kwi-mold
(2) Icinezelwa ngokuthe ngqo yi-vulcanizing medium (njengomphunga)
(3) Uxinzelelo lomoya ocinezelweyo
(4) Ukutofa ngomatshini wokutofa
2. Ubushushu beVulcanization kunye nexesha lokunyanga
Ubushushu be-vulcanization yeyona meko isisiseko yokusabela kwe-vulcanization. Ubushushu be-vulcanization bunokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isantya se-vulcanization, umgangatho wemveliso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho zeshishini. Ubushushu be-vulcanization buphezulu, isantya se-vulcanization sikhawuleza, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphezulu; kungenjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphantsi.
Ukunyusa ubushushu be-vulcanization kunokubangela ezi ngxaki zilandelayo;
(1) Ibangela ukuqhekeka kwekhonkco le-molecular yerabha kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-vulcanization, okubangela ukwehla kweempawu zoomatshini ze-compound yerabha.
(2) Nciphisa amandla eempahla zerabha kwiimveliso zerabha
(3) Ixesha lokutshisa kwerabha liyafinyezwa, ixesha lokuzalisa liyancitshiswa, kwaye imveliso ayinaglu kancinci.
(4) Ngenxa yokuba iimveliso ezixineneyo ziya kwandisa umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwemveliso, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungalinganini kwe-vulcanization
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-18-2022
