Ukudibanisa irabha linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwenzeni iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zerabha. Oomatshini ababini abaphambili balawula eli candelo: umxube wangaphakathi (njengomxube weBanbury) kunye nomatshini wokugalela iiroli ezimbini ovulekileyo. Nangona zombini zijolise ekusasazeni izongezo kwisiseko zerabha, imigaqo yazo yokusebenza, iinkqubo, kunye neziphumo zahlukile kakhulu. I-China ibonelela nge-feeder yerabha ende esemgangathweni ophezulu, Eli nqaku lichaza ukuhamba kweenkqubo zokucubungula inyathelo ngenyathelo nganye.
Inkqubo yokuCwangcisa i-Internal Mixer
Umxubi wangaphakathi usebenza njengenkqubo yokuxuba evaliweyo nenamandla aphezulu. Inkqubo iqala ngokufudumeza igumbi lokuxuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50–80°C nokuqinisekisa ukuba iirotha zicocekile. Okulandelayo, i-polymer yerabha (umz., irabha yendalo okanye i-SBR) ifakwa kwi-hopper. I-ram iyehla, isebenzisa uxinzelelo, kwaye iirotha ziqala ukujikeleza ngesantya esiguquguqukayo (ngesiqhelo yi-20–60 rpm). Ukusika okunamandla kunye nokungqubana kuvelisa ubushushu, i-carbon fiber roller roller umenzi we-roller rubber roller, ithambise irabha ngaphakathi kwemizuzu eyi-1–2.
Emva kokuba i-polymer iphukile, umqhubi uphakamisa i-ram aze ongeze izongezo eziqinileyo - i-carbon black, i-silica, iioyile, kunye nezixhobo zokucubungula - nge-hopper ngokulandelelana kwangaphambili. I-Zinc oxide kunye ne-stearic acid zihlala zilandela, emva koko ii-accelerators kunye ne-sulfur zongezwa kamva (ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuxuba enamanqanaba amabini ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsha). I-ram iyathotywa kwakhona, kwaye ukuxuba kuyaqhubeka imizuzu emi-3-5 iyonke. Ubushushu begumbi bunokufikelela kwi-120-160°C. Ukutshintshiselana kobushushu okusebenzayo ngeejakethi ezipholisiweyo ngamanzi kuthintela ukugqithisa kakhulu.
Nje ukuba ukusasazwa kufezekiswe, umqhubi uvula ucango lokuhla ezantsi, kwaye i-compound exutyiweyo ikhutshwa njengeqhubu. I-roller yerabha ye-silicone eyenziwe eTshayina, Lonke umjikelo uhlala imizuzu emi-5-8. Umxube wangaphakathi ugqwesile kwimveliso ephezulu, ubonelela ngokusasazwa rhoqo, uthuli olunciphileyo, kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakwamkela ngokulula izithako ezinobushushu obuphantsi ngaphandle kokulandelelana ngokufanelekileyo.
Inkqubo yokucubungula i-Open Mill (i-Two-Roll Mill)
Isixhobo sokugalela esivulekileyo sineemiqolo ezimbini ezijikelezayo ezithe tyaba ezinesithuba esihlengahlengiswayo kunye nomlinganiselo wokungqubana. Ukufudumeza imiqolo ukuya kuma-40–60°C kubalulekile ukuze kunamathele. Inkqubo iqala ngokufaka irabha eluhlaza kwindawo engenanto (isithuba esiphakathi kwemiqolo). Irabha yenza ibhanki eqengqelekayo kwaye ijikeleze umqulu ongaphambili. Umsebenzisi womatshini wokugalela uyayisika ngesandla, ayisonge, aze ayiphinde ayiphe irabha ukuze iphucule ukuqhekeka nokuthamba - inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi "milling" ethatha imizuzu emi-3–5.
Emva koko izinto ezongeziweyo zifakwa kancinci kancinci. Iipowder ezifana nekhabhoni emnyama zifafazwa kwibhanki eqengqelekayo, ngelixa iioyile zigalelwa kancinci ukuze zingatyibiliki. Ngokungafaniyo nomxube ovaliweyo, umqhubi usebenzisa i-spatula okanye imela rhoqo ukusika i-compound, ayisonge, aze enze "ibhanki eqengqelekayo" ukuze adibanise izinto. Ukuze kuxutywe kakuhle, umqhubi unokwenza "ukuxuba okunqamlezileyo" (ukusika nokujika iphepha) okanye "unxantathu" (ukugoba ube yimo yonxantathu). Umsantsa womatshini wokugaya uncitshiswa kancinci kancinci ukuze kwandiswe ukucheba.
Nje ukuba zonke izithako zibonakale zisasazeke ngokulinganayo (ngesiqhelo emva kwemizuzu eli-10-20), i-compound ifakwa kwiphepha njenge-continuous strip okanye inqunyulwe ibe zii-slabs. Ulawulo lobushushu lwenziwa ngesandla - ukujikeleza kwamanzi kwiiroli kususa ubushushu, kodwa ukufudumala kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuxuba kuthatha ixesha elide. I-open mill inika ukuguquguquka kwiibhetshi ezincinci, utshintsho lombala, kunye nee-compounds ezinobuthathaka (umz., ezo zine-accelerators ezikhawulezayo kakhulu). Nangona kunjalo, ifuna izakhono eziphezulu zomsebenzisi, ibeka abasebenzi eluthulini nakubushushu, kwaye inemveliso ephantsi.
Umahluko oPhambili kwiNkqubo yoMzila
Isixhobo Sokuxuba Sangaphakathi Esivulekileyo
Ixesha lokujikeleza imizuzu emi-5–8 imizuzu eli-10–20
Ubunzima bomsebenzi Buphantsi (obuzenzekelayo) Buphezulu (ngesandla)
Ukuvezwa luthuli Akunamsebenzi kangako
Ulawulo lobushushu Luhle kakhulu (lufakwe ijakethi) Luphakathi
Ubungakanani beqela Elikhulu (50–500 kg) Encinci (1–50 kg)
Ngamafutshane, umxube wangaphakathi ukhethwa xa kudityaniswa izinto ezinkulu, ezisebenzayo nezicocekileyo, ngelixa umatshini wokugawula ovulekileyo uhlala uyimfuneko kwiibhetshi ezincinci, iikhompawundi ezikhethekileyo, kunye nomsebenzi webhubhoratri. Iifektri ezininzi zisebenzisa zombini ezi zinto ngokulandelelana: ukuxuba kwangaphakathi xa kusasazeka okokuqala, kulandele ukugawula okuvulekileyo xa kuphola, ukongeza amayeza, kunye nokufaka ishiti yokugqibela. Ukuqonda ezi nkqubo kuvumela abaxumi ukuba bakhethe isixhobo esifanelekileyo kumsebenzi ngamnye.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-03-2026
