Uninzi lweeyunithi kunye neefektri zisebenzisa abaxubi berabha abavulekileyo. Eyona nto iphambili kuyo kukuba inokuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nokuhambahamba, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi ekuxubeni iintlobo zerabha eziqhelekileyo, irabha eqinileyo, irabha yesiponji, njl.
Xa uxuba nesixhobo sokugalela esivulekileyo, indlela yokulinganisa ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, irabha eluhlaza ifakwa kwisithuba seroli ecaleni kwelinye icala levili elicinezelwayo, kwaye umgama weroli ulawulwa malunga ne-2mm (thatha umxube werabha oyi-intshi ezili-14 njengomzekelo) kwaye uyiqengqele imizuzu emi-5. Iglu eluhlaza yenziwe ibe yifilimu egudileyo nengenazikhewu, egqunywe kwiroli engaphambili, kwaye kukho inani elithile leglue eqokelelweyo kwiroli. Irabha eqokelelweyo ibandakanya malunga ne-1/4 yenani lilonke lerabha eluhlaza, kwaye emva koko kongezwa ii-arhente zokulwa nokuguga kunye nee-accelerators, kwaye irabha iyaxinwa amaxesha amaninzi. Injongo yoku kukwenza i-antioxidant kunye ne-accelerator zisasazeke ngokulinganayo kwiglu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukongezwa kokuqala kwe-antioxidant kunokuthintela isiganeko sokuguga kobushushu esenzeka ngexesha lokuxuba irabha kubushushu obuphezulu. Kwaye ezinye ii-accelerators zinefuthe leplastiki kwi-compound yerabha. I-Zinc oxide emva koko yongezwa. Xa kongezwa i-carbon black, kufuneka kongezwe inani elincinci kakhulu ekuqaleni, kuba ezinye iirabha eluhlaza ziya kuphuma kwiroli ngokukhawuleza nje kokuba kongezwe i-carbon black. Ukuba kukho uphawu lokuba irabha ayiqengqeleki, yeka ukongeza i-carbon black, uze wongeze i-carbon black emva kokuba irabha isongelwe kwirola kakuhle kwakhona. Zininzi iindlela zokongeza i-carbon black. Oku kuquka ikakhulu: 1. Yongeza i-carbon black kubude bokusebenza berola; 2. Yongeza i-carbon black embindini werola; 3. Yifake kufutshane nesiphelo esinye se-baffle. Ngokoluvo lwam, ezi ndlela zimbini zokugqibela zokongeza i-carbon black zikhethwayo, oko kukuthi, yinxalenye nje ye-degumming esuswa kwirola, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukususa yonke irola. Emva kokuba i-compound yerabha isusiwe kwirola, i-carbon black icinezelwa lula ibe zii-flakes, kwaye akulula ukuyisasaza emva kokuba iqengqiwe kwakhona. Ingakumbi xa uxova irabha eqinileyo, i-sulfur icinezelwa ibe zii-flakes, nto leyo enzima kakhulu ukuyisasaza kwirabha. Ukuphinda uyicokise okanye ukuyicoca okuncinci akunakutshintsha indawo etyheli "yepokotho" ekhoyo kwifilimu. Ngamafutshane, xa ukongeza i-carbon black, yongeza kancinci nangakumbi. Musa ukuzikhathaza ngokugalela yonke i-carbon black kwirola. Inqanaba lokuqala lokongeza i-carbon black lelona xesha likhawulezayo "lokutya". Musa ukongeza i-softener ngeli xesha. Emva kokongeza isiqingatha se-carbon black, yongeza isiqingatha se-softener, esinokukhawulezisa "ukondla". Esinye isiqingatha se-softener songezwa kunye ne-carbon black eseleyo. Kwinkqubo yokongeza umgubo, umgama wokuqengqeleka kufuneka ukhululeke kancinci ukuze irabha efakwe ngaphakathi kuluhlu olufanelekileyo, ukuze umgubo ungene ngokwemvelo kwirabha kwaye uxutywe nerabha ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kweli nqanaba, akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukusika imela, ukuze kungachaphazeli umgangatho we-compound yerabha. Kwimeko ye-softener eninzi kakhulu, i-carbon black kunye ne-softener nazo zingongezwa ngendlela ye-paste. I-Stearic acid akufuneki yongezwe kwangethuba, kulula ukuyisusa, kungcono ukuyongeza xa kusekho i-carbon black kwi-roll, kwaye i-agent ye-vulcanizing nayo kufuneka yongezwe kamva. Ezinye ii-agent ze-vulcanizing nazo zongezwa xa kusekho i-carbon black encinci kwi-roller. Njenge-agent ye-vulcanizing DCP. Ukuba yonke i-carbon black iyatyiwa, i-DCP iya kufudunyezwa ize inyibilike ibe lulwelo, oluya kuwela kwitreyi. Ngale ndlela, inani lee-agents ze-vulcanizing kwi-compound liya kuncipha. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho we-compound yerabha uyachaphazeleka, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba ibangele i-vulcanization engaphekwanga kakuhle. Ke ngoko, i-agent ye-vulcanizing kufuneka yongezwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Emva kokuba zonke iintlobo zee-agents ze-compound zongeziwe, kuyimfuneko ukujika ngakumbi ukuze i-compound yerabha ixutywe ngokulinganayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho "iimela ezisibhozo", "iingxowa ze-triangle", "ukuqengqeleka", "ii-tongs ezincinci" kunye nezinye iindlela zokujika.
“Iimela ezisibhozo” zisika iimela nge-engile ye-45° kwicala elifanayo lerola, izihlandlo ezine kwicala ngalinye. Iglu eseleyo ijijwa ngama-90° ize yongezwe kwirola. Injongo kukuba izinto zerabha zijijwe kwicala elithe nkqo nelithe tye, nto leyo elungele ukuxubana ngokulinganayo. “Ingxowa yetriangle” yingxowa yeplastiki eyenziwe yaba yitriangle ngamandla erola. “Ukuqengqeleka” kukunqumla imela ngesandla esinye, ukuqengqeleka izinto zerabha zibe sisilinda ngesinye isandla, uze uzifake kwirola. Injongo yoku kukwenza irabha ixutywe ngokulinganayo. Nangona kunjalo, “ingxowa yetriangle” kunye “nokuqengqeleka” azilungele ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bezinto zerabha, okulula ukubangela ukutsha, kwaye zifuna umsebenzi omninzi, ngoko ke ezi ndlela zimbini akufuneki zikhuthazwe. Ixesha lokujika yimizuzu emi-5 ukuya kwemi-6.
Emva kokuba irabha inyibilikisiwe, kuyimfuneko ukuyicutha irabha. Indlela yokuziqhelanisa iye yabonisa ukuba irabha incinci iyasebenza kakhulu ekusasazekeni kwe-compounding agent kwi-compound. Indlela yokucutha incinci kukulungisa umgama we-roller ukuya kwi-0.1-0.5 mm, ufake irabha kwi-roller, kwaye uyivumele iwele kwitreyi yokondla ngokwendalo. Emva kokuba iwele, jika irabha nge-90° kwi-roller ephezulu. Oku kuphinda-phindwe kahlanu ukuya kwe-6. Ukuba ubushushu berabha buphezulu kakhulu, yima irabha incinci, kwaye ulinde irabha iphole ngaphambi kokuba uyicuthe ukuze uthintele irabha ukuba ingatshi.
Emva kokuba ipasi elincinci ligqityiwe, yehlisa umgama weroli ukuya kwi-4-5mm. Ngaphambi kokuba izinto zerabha zifakwe emotweni, iqhekeza elincinci lezinto zerabha liyakrazulwa lize lifakwe kwiirola. Injongo kukukhupha umgama weroli, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba umatshini wokuxuba irabha ungaxhatshazwa ngamandla amakhulu kwaye wonakalise izixhobo emva kokuba inani elikhulu lezinto zerabha lifakwe kwirola. Emva kokuba izinto zerabha zifakwe emotweni, kufuneka zidlule kumsantsa weroli kube kanye, uze uzisongele kwiroli engaphambili, uqhubeke nokuzijika imizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3, uze uzikhulule kwaye uzipholise ngexesha. Ifilimu inobude obuyi-80 cm, ububanzi obuyi-40 cm kunye nobukhulu obuyi-0.4 cm. Iindlela zokupholisa ziquka ukupholisa kwendalo kunye nokupholisa itanki yamanzi abandayo, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zeyunithi nganye. Kwangaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukunqanda ukudibana phakathi kwefilimu nomhlaba, isanti kunye nolunye uthuli, ukuze kungachaphazeli umgangatho werabha.
Kwinkqubo yokuxuba, umgama wokuqengqeleka kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo. Ubushushu obufunekayo ekuxubeni iirabha ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza kunye nokuxutywa kweekhompawundi ezahlukeneyo zobunzima buhlukile, ngoko ke ubushushu berola kufuneka buqwalaselwe ngokwemeko ethile.
Abanye abasebenzi bokuxuba irabha banezimvo ezimbini ezingachanekanga: 1. Bacinga ukuba xa ixesha lokuxuba lide, umgangatho werabha uya uphakama. Oku akunjalo ngokwesiqhelo, ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe apha ngasentla. 2. Kukholelwa ukuba xa kongezwa iglu eqokelelweyo ngaphezulu kwerola ngokukhawuleza, isantya sokuxuba siya kuba siphezulu. Enyanisweni, ukuba akukho glu eqokelelweyo phakathi kweerola okanye iglu eqokelelweyo incinci kakhulu, umgubo uya kucinezelwa ngokulula ube ziiflakes kwaye uwe kwitreyi yokondla. Ngale ndlela, ukongeza ekuchaphazeleni umgangatho werabha exutyiweyo, itreyi yokondla kufuneka icocwe kwakhona, kwaye umgubo owelayo wongezwa phakathi kweerola, ophindaphindwa amaxesha amaninzi, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu ixesha lokuxuba kwaye yonyusa amandla okusebenza. Ewe kona, ukuba ukuqokelelana kweglu kuninzi kakhulu, isantya sokuxuba somgubo siya kuncitshiswa. Kuyabonakala ukuba ukuqokelelana kweglu okuninzi okanye okuncinci kakhulu akulunganga ekuxubeni. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kubekho inani elithile leglu eqokelelweyo phakathi kweerola ngexesha lokuxuba. Ngexesha lokuxova, kwelinye icala, umgubo ucinezelwa kwiglu ngesenzo samandla oomatshini. Ngenxa yoko, ixesha lokuxuba liyafinyezwa, amandla okusebenza ayancitshiswa, kwaye umgangatho werabha ulungile.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-18-2022
