Ulwazi malunga nokwaluphala kwerabha

1. Yintoni ukwaluphala kwerabha? Ibonisa ntoni le nto kumphezulu?
Kwinkqubo yokulungisa, ukugcinwa nokusetyenziswa kwerabha kunye neemveliso zayo, ngenxa yesenzo esibanzi kunye nezangaphandle, iipropathi zomzimba kunye neepropathi zerabha zerabha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ekugqibeleni uphulukane nexabiso labo lokusebenzisa. Olu tshintsho lubizwa ngokuba luphawu lwerabha. Kumphezulu, ibonakaliswa njengokuqhekeka, ukuncamathela, ukuqina, ukuthambisa, i-challecle, kunye nokukhula kwe-tilde.
2. Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela ukwaluphala kwerabha?
Izinto ezibangela ukwaluphala kwerabha zezi:
. I-oxidation yenye yezizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuguga irabha.
(b) Umsebenzi weekhemikhali ze-ozone kunye ne-ozone ziphezulu kakhulu kuneoksijini, kwaye iyayonakalisa ngakumbi. Ikwaphula i-molecular thein, kodwa impembelelo ye-ozone kwirabha iyahluka malunga nokuba irabha iphela okanye hayi. Xa isetyenziswa kwirabha esetyenzisiweyo (ikakhulu irabha), i-rockspecular kwicala lesenzo soxinzelelo avela, oko kukuthi, "i-ozone rack"; Xa isetyenziswa kwirabha esetyenzisiweyo, ifilimu ye-oxide kuphela kumphezulu ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
. Kodwa isiphumo esisisiseko sobushushu. Ukuphucula inqanaba le-OXYUSIGNGNARNIRY KUNYE NOKWENZA INDAWO YOKUGQIBELA YENKXASO-MALI, ngaloo ndlela Ukukhawulezisa inqanaba lokuphendula le-Oxido lerabha, into eqhelekileyo yokwaluphala - i-themen ye-termal ogagugen.
(d) Ukukhanya: Amanqanaba amafutshane, amanqanaba amakhulu. Umonakalo kwirabha yi-Ultraviolet imitha ngamandla aphezulu. Ukongeza ukubangela ngokuthe ngqo i-rapture kunye nokunxibelelanisa irabha yerabha yerabha, i-Ultraviolet Days ivele i-radicals yasimahla ye-radicals ngenxa yokuqalisa kwenkqubo yokuphendula kwe-oxidation chain. Isibane se-Ultraviolet sisebenza njengokufudumeza. Olunye uphawu lwentshukumo yokukhanya (eyahlukileyo kwisenzo sobushushu) kukuba yenzeka ikakhulu kumphezulu werabha. Kwiisampulu ezinomxholo ophezulu weglue, kuya kubakho inethiwekhi kumacala omabini, oko kukuthi, obizwa ngokuba "ngumaleko wangaphandle otyhafileyo".
. Ukutshekishwa koomatshini bokuxhotyiswa kweemolekyuli kunye nokusebenza koomatshini kweenkqubo ze-oxidation. Yeyiphi enaso isandla esiphezulu ixhomekeke kwiimeko ezibekwa kuwo. Ukongeza, kulula ukubangela ukuqhekeka kwe-ozone phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo.
. Kungenxa yokuba izinto ezinyibilikayo zamanzi kunye namaqela acacileyo amanzi kwirabha zikhutshiwe kwaye zinyibilikisiwe ngamanzi. Ibangelwa yi-hydrolysis okanye i-absen. Ngokukodwa phantsi kwesenzo sokutshintshana kwamanzi kunye nokuvezwa kwe-thamossic, ukutshatyalaliswa kwerabha kuya kukhawuleziswa. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, ukufuma ayonakalisi irabha, kwaye inesiphumo sokulibazisa ukwaluphala.
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3. Zithini iindidi zeendlela zokuvavanya ukwaluphala?
Inokwahlulwa yangamanqanaba amabini:
(a) Indlela yovavanyo lwendalo. Kuyawahlula-hlula-hlulahlula-hlula-ntanglo ye-Atmosping, i-Atmospheric ekhawulezileyo, uvavanyo lwendalo lokugcina izilwanyana, phakathi kwendalo (kubandakanya novavanyo oluvuthayo lwendalo.
(b) Indlela yovavanyo olukhawulezileyo lokwaluphala. Ukuphangwa kwe-thermal, i-ozone ukwaluphala, ukufota, ukwaluphala kwemozulu ye-idomo, ifoto-ye-ozone, imitha yendalo ephezulu kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane kunye nokwaluphala kombane.
4. Ngawaphi amabanga amaqondo ekufuneka ekhethwe kuvavanyo lokwaluphala lomoya oshushu kwiimpukane ezahlukeneyo zerabha?
Kwirabha yendalo, ubushushu bovavanyo buqhelekile i-50 ~ 100 ℃, kwiradiyo ye-Syntic, ihlala ingama-50 ~ 150 ℃, kunye nobushushu bovavanyo lwerubles ekhethekileyo. Umzekelo, irabha ye-nitrile isetyenziswa kwi-70 ~ 150 ℃, kunye nerabha ye-silicone ispaber isetyenziswa rhoqo nge-200 ~ 300 ℃. Ngamafutshane, kufuneka igqitywe ngovavanyo.